To visit Pisa, strolling along the alleys and streets of the historic centre, is like plunging back in time to when it was a powerful Marine Republic: Piazza dei Miracoli with its Duomo, the Baptistry, the Camposanto (the monumental cemetry), and the very famous Leaning Tower; Piazza dei Cavalieri of Renaissance times, via di Borgo Stretto with its arcades, the picturesque Piazza delle Vettovaglie, the medieval Torre del Campano and the Lungarni (the avenues along the river Arno) where, next to the ancient churches of Santo Sepolcro, Santa Maria della Spina and San Paolo a Ripa d'Arno, are the most important palaces of the city: Palazzo Gambacorti, Palazzo Lanfranchi, Palazzo Medici, Palazzo Roncioni, Palazzo Toscanelli, Palazzo Lanfreducci "Alla Giornata", Palazzo Reale.
The Etruscan museum Guarnacci; the Roman Theatre and Baths of Vallebuona, the Acropolis and the grand Porta all'Arco (IV century BC); the necropolis of the Portone and the remains of the Etruscan walls which tower above the intriguing chasm of the Balze at the church of San Giusto.
The Peccioli Archaeological Museum where the remains of the Etruscan sanctuary of Ortaglia are kept.
Piazza dei Priori with the medieval Palazzo dei Priori, Palazzo del Podestà and the Torre del Porcellino; the Duomo, the Baptistry and the Museum of the Opera del Duomo; the medieval towers of the Incrociata Buonparenti; the church of St. Francis and the Gate of St. Francis, the water fonts of Porta San Felice, the Renaissance Palazzo Minucci Solaini seat of the Civic Picture Gallery; Palazzo Viti-Incontri, elegant 16th-century dwelling which preserves 18th, 19th, 20th century furnishing and decorations still intact; the Toscano Tower-house, the Fonti di Docciola, the Parco E.Fiumi and the Medici Fortress.
The ancient Romanesque church of San Piero a Grado built at an Etruscan and Roman port of call: according to the legend, the church was founded by the same St. Peter who landed here on his journey from Antioch to Rome. Val Graziosa and the Certosa di Calci, a grandiose monastic complex founded in 1366 which preserves the 17th and 18th century architecture and refined décor still intact. The Romanesque parish church of Santa Maria at Vicopisano with its 13th century wooden "Deposition"; the parish church of Santi Giovanni e Ermolao at Calci; the parish church of Santa Giulia at Caprona; the parish church of Santa Maria at Cascina; the parish church of San Casciano at Settimo.
Montecastelli Pisano and the Rocca Sillana, Montecatini Val di Cecina and the Rocca di Pietracassia; Castello dei Vicari di Lari; San Miniato al Tedesco with the Rocca Federiciana; Vicopisano with the Rocca del Brunelleschi, Palazzo Pretorio and the medieval tower houses.